Our dates: 9 Awa
Community
📌9 Av 2449 (1311 BC) — The Exodus generation was condemned by the Almighty to death in the desert.On this day, the generation of Jews who had left Egypt 16 months earlier under the leadership of Moshe-Rabein (Moses) was condemned by the Almighty to death in the desert. At the same time, they were predicted that they would reach Eretz Yisrael only after 40 years of wandering in the desert.After the spies returning from their mission on the 8th of Av had frightened their listeners with tales of the dreaded giant inhabitants and predicted the inevitable death of the people if they attempted to conquer this land, the Jews bewailed their sad fate all night, declaring that they would rather return to Egypt than attempt to conquer this land and live in it. And then G-d decreed that this generation would wander in the desert for 40 years, until all the people over the age of 20 died and only their children, under the leadership of Yehoshua ben-Nun, could enter the land promised to the house of Israel as an eternal possession.📌9 Av 3337 (423 BC) — the destruction of the First Temple by the Babylonians.The destruction led to the fact that the location of the Temple left the Shekhinah (Divine Presence), most of the evidence of the events described in the Torah was lost — the Ark of the Covenant, the Tablet of the Covenant, the staffs of Aaron and Moshe, the menorah, etc. However, most sages believe that on the eve of the upcoming tragedy, these things were previously hidden in the depths of the Temple Mount, so with the arrival of Moshiach and the restoration of the Temple, all this will be again obtained from secret places.📌9 Av 3829 (69 AD) — the destruction of the Second Temple by the Romans.After the destruction of the Second Temple, sacrifices were stopped (they will be restored after the arrival of Moshiach and the restoration of the Temple), and temple utensils were lost or destroyed. And if the destruction of the First Temple led to the Babylonian exile, which lasted 70 years, then the destruction of the Second Temple was the prelude to the current Edom exile, which has been going on for almost 2000 years (Edom is the ancestor of the Romans and most European nations).📌9 Av 3893 (133 AD) — The fall of the Beitar fortress.Beitar was the last stronghold defended by the soldiers of the army of Bar Kokhba, the leader of the Great Uprising, and on this day, after a three-year siege, Beitar fell. His fall put an end to this rebellion. In total, almost 600,000 Jews died of starvation or at the hands of the Romans, including Bar Kokhba himself.📌9 Av 3895 (135 AD) — Jerusalem was razed to the ground and its territory plowed.Seeking to obliterate all memoryof the Jews who had done so much damage to Rome with their uprising, Emperor Hadrian ordered that the Roman province of Judea be renamed Palestine, and that Jerusalem be destroyed and its territory ravaged. The Roman settlement of Elia Capitolina was erected on the site of our capital. Jews were allowed access to its territory one day a year — on the 9th of Av, so that they could cry near the Temple Mount and the remains of the western wall of the temple complex (the Wailing Wall).📌9 Av 4885 (14 July 1095 CE) — Pope Urban II announced the beginning of the First Crusade, as a result of which the “warriors of Jesus” killed tens of thousands of Jews and destroyed many Jewish communities.📌9 Av 4906 (20 July 1146 CE) — Pogroms in the Jewish communities of Germany and France during the Second Crusade.📌9 Av 5050 (18 July 1290 CE) — Expulsion of Jews from England.On this day, King Edward I signed a decree on the expulsion of Jews from the British Isles.📌9 Av 5252 (2 August 1492 CE) — Expulsion of Jews from Spain.The decree on the expulsion of Jews from the territory of Spain, signed on this day by King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella, closed the last page of the centuries-old history of the brilliant Spanish community.The descendants of the Spanish Jews, known as the Sephardim (Sepharad (Hebrew) — Spain), spread throughout the Mediterranean.📌9 Av 5108 (5 July 1348 CE) — European Jews are accused of orchestrating one of the largest plague epidemics in history (the Black Death). This accusation led to a violent wave of pogroms and killings.On the 📌9th of Av 5315 (July 27, 1555 AD), the Jews of Rome were resettled in the first ghetto in history.📌9 Av 5315 (July 15, 1567 AD) — Resettlement of the rest of the Jews of Italy in the ghetto.📌9 Av 5408 (July 18, 1648 AD) — The massacre of tens or even hundreds of thousands of Jews in Poland, Ukraine and Bessarabia, organized by Khmelnytsky and his associates.📌9 Av 5642 (25 July 1882 AD) — Jewish pogroms within the Pale of Settlement of the Russian Empire.📌9 Av 5575 (August 15, 1815) — Yorzeit (anniversary of the departure from this world) Rabbi Yaakov-Yitzchak Ha-Levi Horowitz (Ha-Jose mi-Lublin, Seer from Lublin).It is said that at birth, the "Seer" received the gift of seeing the whole earth from edge to edge, however, looking at this world, he asked the Almighty to limit his gift to 400 versts. Rabbi Yaakov-Itzhak was a student of Rabbi Shmuel-Shmelke Hurvits from Nicolsburg, Rabbi Dov-Ber from Mezherich, Rabbi Levi-Itzhak ben Meir from Berdychiv and Rabbi Elimelech from Lizhensk.At first, Rabbi Yaakov-Yitzhak lived in the Galician towns of Lanzut and Rozvadov, and then moved to Lublin. Thanks to his activities, Poland and Galicia became great centers of Hasidism. The "Seer from Lublin" himself was the teacher of most of the leaders of the Hasidic communities of Poland, Galicia and Hungary. Among his students were Rabbi Yaakov-Yitzhak ben Asher (gya-Yehudi gya-Koydesh, "Holy Jew"), Rabbi Simha-Bunem of Pshisha, Rabbi Meir of Apta, Rabbi David of Lelov, Rabbi Moshe Teitelbaum of Shatorahulhei, Rabbi Zvi-Elimelech Shapiro of Dinov, Rabbi Naftali-Zvi of Ropshitz, Rabbi Klonimus-Kalman gya-Levi Epstein from Krakow (Maor Va-Shemesh), Rabbi Shalom Rokeach from Belz (Belgium Rebbe), Rabbi Yitzhak Kalish from Vorka, Rabbi Zvi-Hirsh from Zhydachev and many, many others.Rabbi Yaakov-Yitzhak, like other Hasidic leaders, was fiercely attacked by mesnagdim, and his main opponent was the namesake — Lublin Rabbi Azriel Horowitz (for his unbreakable character he received the nickname Di Ayzerne Kop — "iron head" in Yiddish).Rabbi Ha-Jose mi-Lublin considered Napoleon's campaign against Russia to be the beginning of the war of Gog and Magog and, accordingly, the harbinger of the arrival of Moshiach, but here his opponent was Alter Rebbe, who believed that Napoleon's policy towards the Jews would lead exclusively to their assimilation.On the day of his departure from this world, he predicted that exactly one hundred years later, Russia would lose power over Poland. Exactly one hundred years later, on 9 Av 5675 (20 July 1915), Austrian troops occupied Lublin, and Polish newspapers published a report about the fulfilled prediction of Rabbi Jacob-Itzhak.Shortly before his departure from this world, he did not feel well, and his numerous detractors, hearing this, were so happy that they organized real celebrations (if they were not Misnagdim, but Hasidim, it could be said that they organized a real Farbrengen), where they raised full cups and glasses for "quick ridding the world of this wicked person" and so on. After learning about this, Rabbi Yaakov-Yitzchak said that anyway on the day of his death they would not be able to rejoice, and they would not be able to drink even water. What he meant became clear on the day of Yortzeit — the 9th of Ava.📌9 Av 5674 (1 August 1914 A.D.) — The outbreak of the First World War.The First World War brought countless disasters to the entire European continent. The main theater of hostilities on the Eastern Front fell on the settlement zone of the Russian Empire, and the Russian authorities, suspecting Jews of loyalty to the advancing German and Austro-Hungarian troops, decided to evict all Jews from the front zone. This caused the destruction and death of many Jewish towns, and the consequence of the world war was the revolution and civil war with its Denikin, Petliur, Makhnov pogroms and the Soviet-Polish war, where pogroms were organized by both sides.📌9 Av 5702 (July 23, 1942 AD) — The beginning of the deportation (and in fact — the extermination) of Jews from the Warsaw Ghetto.📌9 Av 5702 (23 July 1942 A.D.) — Commencement of the work of the death camp at Treblinka.📌9 Av 5754 (17 July 1994 CE) — Explosion at the Jewish Community Center (AMIA) of Buenos Aires.The bombing in the capital of Argentina, organized by Arab terrorists, was the bloodiest action against Jews in the diaspora since the Holocaust. The blast killed 86 people and injured more than 120.source: chabad.odessa