Our dates: 12 tammuz
Community
12 tamuz 5100 (July 8, 1340) — Yorzeit (anniversary of the departure from this world) to Rabbi Jacob ben Asher ben Yechiel (Baal HaTurim).Rabbi Yaakov was the son of Rabbi Asher, the son of Yechiel (known as Rabbi Rosh). He was born in Germany, but then moved with his father to Spain, to Toledo, where, having given up the position of rabbi, he lived in great poverty, devoting all his time to the study of the Torah. The greatest popularity of Rabbi Yaakov ben Asher was brought by the book "Arba gya-turim" ("Four rows"), which gave him, as is often the case, a middle name. Believing that by that time "arguments had become fallacious, disagreements had increased, opinions had multiplied, so that there was not a single halachic rule left upon which there was agreement," Rabbi Ya'akov decided to write a book that would cover all the laws and customs concerning both the individual and the community.Arba Ha-Turim presents in a concise form the opinions of all the leading authorities of previous generations on each issue, so that any rabbi who uses this book can independently draw a final conclusion, assessing and comparing different opinions.According to the title, the book consists of four parts. Orach Chaim (“Lifestyle”) brings together the rules of daily conduct, as well as the laws of the Sabbath, holidays and weekdays; Yore dea (“Teacher of Wisdom”) is devoted to kashrut, the laws of circumcision, complaint, etc.; Even ha-zer (“Rock of Help”) contains provisions on marriage and divorce; Khoshen mishpat (“Sign of the Court”) is devoted to legal proceedings and commandments governing property relations.According to legend, Rabbi Jacob died on the way to Eretz Israel.12 tamuz 5640 (June 21, 1880) — Birthday of Rabbi Yosef-Yitzhak (Rabbi Rajac), the sixth Lubavitcher Rebbe.His mother, Rebbetzin Stern-Sara, said: “It's been a few years since our wedding. I was very young and away from my parents' house. We still had no children, and it was very traumatic for me.One day, on the holiday of Simchat Torah, during the kiddush that took place at the home of my father-in-law, Rabbi Shmuel (the fourth Lubavitch Rebbe, Rebbe Magyarash), they read the Misheberach (prayer for health) for all the women and girls of the Rebbe's House, but for some reason they forgot about me. I was very upset, and although I was later blessed, the sediment remained. I went to my room and began to think about the fact that I still do not have children, about my loneliness, about this story from "Misheberakh". I cried and fell asleep in tears. And then I had a dream.I saw in a dream a man of imposing appearance who came into my room and asked me: "My daughter, why are you crying?" I told him about everything that was in my heart, and he said, "Don't cry, my daughter! I promise you that this year you will have a son, but immediately after the holiday you have to give away 18 rubles from your personal money in the tsedak."When he had finished speaking, the man left the room and disappeared. A few minutes later, he returned accompanied by two more people and repeated the condition imposed on me in front of them. Those who came with him agreed, and all three, blessing me, left the room.A few hours later, my husband returned. I told him about the dream, and he hurried to his father and told him about it. My father-in-law called me and asked me to tell him the dream in detail. When I finished the story, my father-in-law said, “The first one to visit you was Rebbe Zemach-Tzedek, and the other two were Miteler Rebbe and Alter Rebbe.”After the holiday, I had to complete the task set for me in a dream, but where could I get "18 rubles of my personal money"? I had a dress made in the latest fashion of those times, but my father-in-law did not want me to wear it. Then I called a woman who cared for the needs of the community and asked her to sell this dress. And out of the money raised for the dress, I saved 18 rubles in the tzedakah.That same year, I had a son, Rabbi Rajac," the Rebbetzins of Stern-Sar finished her story.12 tamuz 5625 (July 6, 1865) — Yorzeit (anniversary of the departure from this world) Rabbi Eliyahu-Yosef Rivlin from Dribin, author of the book "Ogel Yosef"Rabbi Eliyahu-Yosef of Drybin was a great sage, one of the most prominent Hasids of the second and third Lubavitz Rebbe - the Miteler Rebbe and Rebbe Tzemach Tzedek, and one of the pillars of Hasidism of those times. Rebbe Tsemach-Tzedek said: "He has two and a half Hasidim, one of whom is Rabbi Eliyahu-Yosef." At first he was the rabbi of the town of Dribin, then he moved to Polotsk, and from there in 1847 he moved to Eretz Israel, where he became a rabbi and mentor of the Hasidic community. Among other things, he built the Zemach-Tzedek synagogue in the Old City of Jerusalem.He is buried by Rabbi Eliyahu-Yosef in Jerusalem, on the Mount of Olives.12 Tamuz 5655 (July 4, 1895) — Rebbe Rashab (Rabbi Sholom-Dov-Ber) appointed his son, Rabbi Yosef-Yitzhok (the future Rebbe Rajac), as his secretaryAt that time, the future sixth Lubavitcher Rebbe was only 15 years old, but Rebbe Rashab appointed him as his secretary for general administration. That same year, Rabbi Rajac attended the Rabbinical Convention as a representative of Rebbe Rashab.Since Yosef-Yitzchak was still young, Rebbe Rashab sent Rabbi Shmuel-Betzalel with him, warning him that although he, Shmuel-Betzalel, was very intelligent and Yosef-Yitzchak was very young, the less Shmuel-Betzalel interfered with his actions, the better.12 tamuz 5687 (July 12, 1927) — "The Feast of Liberation". On this day, the sixth Lubavitcher Rebbe Yosef-Yitzhak (Rebbe Rayats) received a notification of his release from Kostroma exile.Rebbe Rajac was exiled to Kostroma for three years instead of being shot, but the council set up to free him decided to continue working for his full release. The members of the council again appealed to Mrs. Peshkova, the representative of the Red Cross in the USSR, and she tried to get the liberation of the Rebbe from the Soviet leadership. In contrast, the Leningrad Chekists said that if the Rebbe returned to Leningrad, he would be immediately arrested.Rebbe Rajac was ordered to report to the Kostroma branch of the GPU every Tuesday, but when 12 Tammuz, on Tuesday, Rabbi Rajac and Rabbi Eliyahu-Haim Altgoiz, who accompanied him, came there, the Chekist welcomed them and said: "Your release has been ordered, and I am pleased to inform you of your release."Since the Kostroma branch of the GPU did not work that day, they could not issue a certificate of dismissal, and the Rebbe was forced to wait for a certificate until the 13th of Tammuz.